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(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

F. S. PERRIN.

ELECTRIC RAILWAY SWITCH AND TROLLEY. No. 522,388. Patented July 3, 1894.

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

F. s. PERRI N. ELECTRIC RAILWAY SWITCH AND TROLLEY.

No. 522,388. Patented July 3, 1894.

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3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

(No Model.)..

1. s. PERRIN. ELEG'I'RIG RAILWAY SWITCH AND TROLLEY.

Patented July 3, 1894.

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UNITED STATES- PATENT OFFI E...

FREDERICK S. PERRI N, OF LYNN, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR OF THREE- FOURTHSTO WILLI AM B. BALDWIN, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., GEORGE FINK, OF JERSEY CITY,NEWJERSEY, AND ANTHONY BUCHENBERGER, OF

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ELECTRIC-RAILWAY 'SWITCH AND TROLLEY.

SPECIFICATION forming part of- Letters Patent'No. 522,388, dated July 3,1894.

' Application the March i, 1892. Serial nonzcesv. (No model.)

, To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FREDERICK S. PERRIN,

. of the roadbed.

My invention has for its object to provide electric railway systems withswitches located in the main conductor and electrically -oper-' ated,as, will be described by means of the current employed to propel thecar.

-Another feature of my present invention consists in a novelconstruction of trolley employed in the overhead system of electricrailways, the said trolley being constructed, as

2 5 will be' described, to permit the switches form-' ing part of thetrolley-wire to be operated from the car; and the said trolley is alsopreferably constructed so as to prevent it from' leaving thetrolley-wire.

conductor or trolley-wire is providedwith one or more switches, by whichthe trolley-wheel may be diverted from'one trolley-wire to an-.

other or branch trolley-wire, the said trolley- 3 5 wire switches beingunder control of the operator on the car, as will be described. The

particular features. in which my invention consists will be pointed outin the claims at the end of this specification- Figure-1, represents asufficient portion of an overhead electric railway system'embodying myinvention, to enable it to be understood; Fig. 2, an under side view ofa sufficient portion of a main and branch trolleywire, provided with aswitch electrically operated in accordance with my invention; Fig.

V 3, alongitudinal section of the overhead switch system'of electricrailways.

In accordance with my invention, the main shown in Fig. 2; Fig. 4, adetail in elevation of y improved trolley; Fig. 5, a side elevation ofthe trolley shown in Fig. 4; Fig. 6, a detail to be referred to, andFig. 7, a diagram of circuits to be referred to.

Referring to Fig. 1, A represents an electric railway car of any usualor well-known construction, such as now commonly used. The car A, inpractice, is provided with an electricmotor not herein shown butwhich'may be of any usual or well-known construction, and which isdriven by an electric current, taken from a main line trolley-wire a,through the usual trolley-pole a, the trolley-wire a being representedas suspended above the car from the cross-arm a secured to the post a asnow commonly practiced in the overhead The car A is rep-- resented asrunning upona main line or-track B, composed of the rails a a to whichis connecteda branch line or track B', c0mposed of the rails a a Thebranch track B is connected to or disconnected from the mainline ortrack B by a surfaceswitclnwhich may be of any usual or well-knownconstruction, such as now commonly used on street railways.

My present invention has for one of its objects to provide the trolleywire'a, with one or more switches which are electrically operated by thetrolley-wire current.

The trolley-wire a, atsuitable points in its length, where it is desiredthe car should be diverted from a straight course, is provided withsuitable frogs or switch-plates, substantially such as represented inFigs. 2, and 3, consisting of a main frame 0, to which the maintrolley-wire a is secured. The main frame a has also secured to it abranch trolley-wire c, and a suitable portionc of the main trolley-wireais, in accordance with my invention, made movable, it being preferablypivoted on an arm 0 extended upthrough the main frame or casting c andprovided with a cross-bar forming the armature of an electro-magnet 0the said cross-bar, as represented'in Fig. 2, being pivotally connectedto the core 0 of the electro-magnet c and having secured to its oppositeend a spring 0 by which the movable portion 0 of the trolley-wire may bemaintained in its normal position, to complete the main linetrolley-wirea, as represented in Fig. 2. The electro-magnet 0 may be energized bymeans of a suitable eircuit-terminal consisting, as shown, of a metalstrip 0 separated from the frame 0 by insulation 0 and to which terminalthe magnet is connected by wire 0 the other end of the said magnet beingconnected by wire 0 to the trolley-wire a, the said magnet beingincluded in a branch or normally open shunt circuit around the motorsand the usual rheostats on the car, the said shunt circuit being adaptedto be closed by a suitable switch 0 shown in Fig. 7, and which may beoperated by the foot of the motorman on the car. When the operatorwishes to pass from one direction to another, he closes the switch o inthe branch or shunt circuit when the car approaches the overhead switch,so that, when the contact pieces e located on the trolley as will bedescribed, come in contact with the insulated circuit-terminal 0 theshunt circuit through the magnet 0 will be closed, and

its armature attracted, thereby moving the section 0 of the trolley-wirefrom its full line position, shown in Fig. 2, into its dotted lineposition, to open the main trolley-line a and to join the branchtrolley-line c to the main trolleyline. When the insulated contactpieces e on the trolley come in contact with the insulatedcircuit-terminals carried by the frame a, the current from thetrolley-wire is shunted through the magnet c and passes directly to theground through the switch carriedby the car, the circuit being traced asfollows in Fig. 7, viz:from the trolley-wire a, by wire a, magnet 0 wirea, circuit-terminal 0 contacts e on the trolley, insulated wire 0*connecting the insulated contacts :2 to wire 0 switch 0 to the railthrough the wheels 0 The circuit just described is of less resistancethan the circuit through the usual rheostat and motor on the car, andconseqnently, when the contact (2 on the trolleywhcel frame comes incontact with the circuit-terminal 0 the motor circuit is completed asdescribed, and the circuit to the ground completed through the magnet 0After the car has passed from the main trolley-wire, to the branchtrolley-wire the movable portion or switch 0 is restored to its normalor full line position shown in Fig. 2, by the spring 0 to again completethe main trolley-line a.

I prefer to employ in connection with my improved system, atrolley-wheel substantially such as shown in Figs. 4 and 5, in which clrepresents a trolley-wheel of any usual or well-known constructionmounted on a shaft (1" having bearings in the forked arms 01' of theusual trolley-pole (1 In accordance with myinvention,the shaft d hasloosely mounted on it on opposite sides of the arms (1' of thetrolley-pole, collars or hubs d 01 upon which are fitted substantiallyvertical arms d d provided at their lower portion, as hereinrepresented, with the enlarged portions d (1 having extended from themsubstantially at right angles, cylinders d d, the cylinder cl beingextended into the cylinder c2 and engaging with a spring (1 located inthe cylinder d, and which acts to throw the lower portion of the arms (1d away from each other. The arms (1 d are fitted uprin the hubs orcollars d 0!", so as to revolve thereon as a center, and the said armsare pivotally secured to the said hubs by means of pins or pivots d d,by which the said arms may be moved toward and away from each other, aswill be described. The arms d (1 above the hubs or collars d df areprovided with curved portions (1 d extended toward each other, andpreferably provided at their ends with anti-friction rollers d (Z whichare adapted to bear against the opposite sides of the trolley-wire a,and have their axes inclined so that their upper ends are in advance oftheir lower ends, when the trolley-wheel is in motion. The hubs d d areprovided, as herein-shown, with pins 0 (1 diametrically opposite eachother, the pins (Z serving as stops to limit the movement of the curvedportions (Z d toward each other, and the pins c1 acting as stops tolimit the movement of the arms (1 d to ward each other, as will bedescribed. The enlarged portions d d of the arms d d are preferably madesolid, to obtain the necessary weight to cause the said arms to hangsubstantially perpendicular. The pins or stops (1 are located on thecollars d (1, so as to prevent the upper portion of the arms from beingforced too close together, and the stops or pins d are so located as toprevent the upper portions from being moved beyond the outer edge of thewheel to prevent the trolleywire' from getting between the wheel and thearms. The anti-friction rollers (Z d are preferably placed upon theupper curved portions d d at an angle or on an incline, the angle beingsuch that the upper ends of the rollers are in advance of their lowerends, when the trolley is in motion, so that, when the said rollers arebrought in contact with the trolley-wire, they will revolve freely, andthereby reduce the friction, the described inclination of the rollerscausing them, when they bear on the trolley-wire, to force thetrolley-wire downward and thereby prevent it from leaving thetrolley-wheel. The lower ends of the upright arms d d may be broughttoward each other by means of the hand-cord e, preferably secured to theenlarged portions d d.

The upper curved portions d (1 on the arms (1 d are provided with thecontacts e which may be friction rollers, springs, or other suitabledevices to make contact with the insulated circuit-terminals connectedto the frame 0 at the overhead switch, the said contactsbeing separatedfrom the arms d ="d by insulation e and having connected to them theinsulated wire which, as herein l. V v 522,388 a i 3 represented, ispassed down through the trolley-pole and connected to the wire so thatwhen the contacts a are brought into engage ment with theinsulatedcircuit-terminals referred to, and the switch 0 is closed, the

shuntcircuit of the magnet 0 will be closed and the switch operated, asabove described.

The construction of the trolley, as herein shown, may, and preferablywill be used in connection with the switches, above described,

' but I do not desire to limit myself in this respect, as atrolley-wheel, such as now commonly constructed, may be employed tooperate the said switches.

My improved trolley is especially advantageous, in that it insures aperfect contact at all times between the wheel and the trolleywire, byreason of the inclined rollers d, (1

forcing the wire against the wheel, and especially when thetrolley-wheel is rounding a curve. So also the trolley-wheel isprevented from leaving the trolley-wire by means of the arms (1 d Iclaim- 7 p 7 1. In an electric railway system, the combination with atrolley-line or wire, and a branch trolley-wire, of a movable switchco-operating with said wires, an electro magnetic device actuated by thecurrent from the trolley-wire to actuate said trolley-wire switch afixed circuit terminal connected with said electromagnetic device, and acontact carried by the trolley arm, substantially as described.

2. In an electric railway system, the combination with a trolley-line orwire provided with a frog or switch, consisting of a main frame and aportion 0 movably supported on the I said frame, of a branchtrolley-wire secured to the said main frame, an electro-magnetic deviceactuated by the current from the'trolley-wire to operate the movableportion or switch 0 a fixed circuit terminal connected with saidelectromagnetic device, and a contact carriedby the trolley arm,substantially as described.

3. The'combination with the trolley wheel, of side-arms whoseupper endsare arranged to extend over the trolley-wire and are movable toward andfrom each other, said arms carrying rollers at their ends.

4.. The combination with the trolley-wheel, of side-arms whose upper-ends are arranged v to extend over the trolley-wire and are movabletoward and from each other, and rollers on the ends of said arms, theaxes of said rollers being inclined, substantially as described.

5. A trolley comprising in its construction a trolley wheel, andinclined rollers at the top of said wheel and adapted to extend over thetrolley-wire.

6. The herein described trolley, consisting of the trolley-pole, a shafthaving bearings in the said arms apart, and a flexible connectionjoining the lower ends 'of the said stantially as described.

v7. The herein'described trolley, consisting of the trolley-pole, ashaft having bearings in the said pole, a trolley-wheel mounted on' saidshaft, side arms d d pivotally mounted on the shaft to move in twodirections, as described, and having inwardly'extended upper portions,frictional rollers or devices carried by the said inwardly extendedportions, means to force the lower ends of the said arms apart, and aflexible connection joining the lower ends of the said arms,substantially as described.

8. The herein described trolley, consisting of the trolley-pole, a shafthaving bearings in the said pole, a trolley-wheel mounted on said sitesides of the said wheel, arms d d pivotally'mounted on said collars, acylinder d on one arm, as d, a cylinder d on the arm 01 extended intothe cylinder (1 a spring in the cylinder d acting to force the armsapart, a flexible connection joining said arms, and inwardly extendedportions on the upper end of said arms, substantially as described.

9. The herein described trolley, consisting of the trolley-pole, a shafthaving bearings in the said pole, a trolley-wheel mounted on said shaft,collars or hubs on saidshaft on opposite sides of the said wheel, arms(1 d pivotally mounted on said collars, a cylinder (1 on one arm, as d",a cylinder 01 on the arm d extended into the cylinder d aspring in thecylinder d acting to force the arms apart, a flexible connection joiningsaid arms, in wardly extended portions on the upper end of said arms,and anti-friction devices carried by said arms, substantially asdescribed.

10. In an electric railway system, the combination of a trolley-line orwire having a branch, and an electrically controlled mov able switch forsaid wire and branch, an elec trically propelled car, and acircuit-controller carried by the trolley arm and adapted to supply thecar propelling current to the electro-magneticdevicescontrollingsaidswitches, substantially as described.

11. A trolley consisting of a trolley-pole, a shaft having bearings insaid pole, a trolleywheel mounted on said shaft, side arms havinginwardly extended upper portions and rollers carried by said arms andarranged to bear on the trolley-wire, the axes of said rollers beinginclined substantially as and for the purpose specified, said armshaving contact pieces or conductors communicating with acircuit-controlling device carried by the car, substantially asdescribed.

12. A trolley consisting of a trolley-pole, a

shaft having hearings in said pole, a trolleyname to this specification,in the presence of wheel mounted on said shaft, side arms havtwosubscribing witnesses, this 27th day of [0 ing inwardly extended upperportions and February, A. D. 1892. rollers carried by said arms andarranged to 5 bear on the trolley wire, the axes of said roll- FREDERICKPERRIN' ers being inclined, substantially as and for Witnesses: thepurpose specified. C. F. BROWN,

In testimony whereof I have signed my A. D. HARRISON.

